At the dentist, “3D scan” can mean two very different things: the intraoral scan, an optical image of your teeth with no radiation at all, and the 3D X-ray (CBCT), which also shows bone, nerves and tooth roots. The intraoral scan replaces the conventional impression taken with a tray and impression material. We only use 3D X-rays when a clinical question genuinely requires it.

You are most likely to come across the intraoral scan during Invisalign treatment in Küsnacht: the scan is used to create a digital model of your teeth and a simulation of how their alignment could change. Below, we explain how the two methods differ, what we use them for at our practice and when neither is needed.

Two technologies that are often confused

The intraoral scan: optical and radiation-free

An intraoral scanner is a small pen-shaped camera that is guided over the teeth. It continuously takes images, which the software assembles into a three-dimensional model of the teeth and gums. The scanner only captures what can be seen from the outside, in other words the surfaces. It works with light, not X-rays. At our practice, we use the iTero scanner.

The 3D X-ray (CBCT): a look into bone and roots

Cone beam computed tomography, or CBCT for short, is an X-ray image in three dimensions. It shows what the scanner cannot see: the shape and thickness of the jawbone, the course of the nerves and the position of the tooth roots. At our practice, we use the Orthophos SL 3D for this. You can read more about our equipment and the annual inspection in line with the requirements of the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) under X-ray technology at our practice.

Because CBCT uses X-rays, the principle is: as much as necessary, as little as possible. A small two-dimensional image is often sufficient. We only take a CBCT scan when the additional information makes the treatment safer or easier to plan.

What we use the intraoral scan for

Invisalign: A scan of the whole jaw is the basis for planning. At the initial consultation, a digital simulation shows you how your teeth could move. We also use an X-ray to check whether the planned tooth movement is actually possible.
CEREC and crowns: For inlays, onlays, crowns or veneers, we scan the prepared tooth. With CEREC, the restoration is designed on screen and milled from a ceramic block right here at the practice, often in a single session.
Implants: Here, both methods work together (see below).
Children and schoolchildren: During the digital school dental check-up, children and parents see the scan on a large screen. This makes it easy to show where more brushing is needed or whether an orthodontic assessment would be advisable.

What we use 3D X-rays (CBCT) for

A CBCT scan is useful when a flat X-ray does not show enough. Typical situations are:

Implant planning: For dental implants, we combine 3D X-rays and intraoral scans. The X-ray shows the available bone and the course of the nerves, the scan shows the teeth and gums. Together, they allow digital planning and guided placement of the implant.
Wisdom teeth: If a wisdom tooth lies deep in the bone or close to the nerve, the three-dimensional image helps us plan the procedure carefully.
Root canal treatments: With complicated root shapes or unclear inflammation, CBCT reveals details that remain hidden in a two-dimensional image.

How we work at our practice

For the intraoral scan, you simply sit in the dental chair as usual. We guide the scanner head tooth by tooth over the upper and lower jaw and then scan how you bite together. Nothing that needs to set is placed in your mouth. Many patients with a strong gag reflex find this much more comfortable than an impression. You can take a break at any time.

How long the scan takes depends on whether a single tooth or the whole jaw is being captured. With Invisalign, the scan is part of the initial consultation of around 30 minutes, during which you also see the digital simulation. The model appears on screen while the scan is still in progress, and we discuss it with you straight away.

A CBCT scan only takes a short time for you: you stand or sit in the machine, which moves once around your head. Beforehand, we explain why the image is necessary in your case.

There is currently an offer for new patients: “Professional teeth cleaning incl. optional 3D scan for Invisalign, CHF 119.–”.

When a 3D scan is not needed

Not every visit to the dentist requires advanced imaging. For a check-up, a teeth cleaning or a small filling, a clinical examination and, if necessary, a small X-ray are usually sufficient. An intraoral scan is particularly useful when something is being made or planned: aligners, crowns, implants. We also scan routinely for documentation purposes, so that changes can be compared over the years.

CBCT is not a routine examination. It is only carried out when the benefit of the additional information justifies the radiation exposure. If you are pregnant, please tell us before any X-ray is taken.

Frequently asked questions

Does an intraoral scan involve radiation?

No. The scanner works optically with light. Radiation is only involved in X-rays, which includes 3D X-rays (CBCT).

Does the scan replace an X-ray?

No. The scan only shows the surface of the teeth and gums. Decay between the teeth, roots or bone usually only show up on an X-ray. Depending on the clinical question, both may therefore be needed.

Does the scan hurt?

No. You can feel the scanner head against your teeth and cheeks, much like a small mirror. No anaesthetic is needed for the scan.

How much does a 3D scan cost?

The costs depend on what the scan or image is taken for. It is usually part of the treatment in question. On request, you will receive a cost estimate before treatment.

Would you like to know whether a scan makes sense in your case, or have your smile simulated with Invisalign? Book an appointment online at our practice in Küsnacht.